At the ecosystem level, the total growth of all plant species is termed primary production, and — as we'll see in this article — communities composed of different numbers and combinations of ...

Of course, ecosystem change is no easy task. Social entrepreneurs who wish to create this level of change may find it helpful to keep in mind what we have labeled the “Four C’s”: Coalitions, ...

More specifically, States encouraged the application of the ecosystem approach by 2010, and promoted integrated, multisectoral, coastal and ocean management at the national level. In relation to ...

Here is a pyramid of biomass that represents this food chain. Scientists measured the biomass of each trophic level of this food chain. Their values are recorded in the table below.

With workplace stress and disengagement high, managers need to focus on empowering employees and encouraging balance and ...

Modern oceans, for comparison, max out at trophic level five or six, represented by apex predators like orcas, sperm whales, ...

Observed ecosystem-level changes in the Arctic include the disappearance of essential habitats, shifts in species’ timing and ranges, disruption of species’ relationships, declines in abundance, and ...

Ecosystems with high levels of biodiversity help to provide the resources needed to sustain life, including human life. Activities that create air and water pollution are reducing biodiversity in ...

In population-level cascades, predator removal leads to overgrazing and local extinction of a dominant plant species, but a less palatable species replaces the first, keeping the ecosystem ...

A new study has unveiled the far-reaching ecological impact of wolves and other large carnivores in Yellowstone National Park.

A mild winter has kept the lake below the average ice concentration levels, affecting not only ice anglers but the lake's ecosystem and water levels. According to the Great Lakes Environmental ...